This
chapter examines how the prefaces to the digital works introduce the spatial in
preparation for reader interaction. This preparation is manifest in two forms: firstly,
as representations of space; and secondly, in the establishment of representational
space. The representation of space follows a tendency “towards a system of
verbal (and therefore intellectually worked out) signs” (Lefebvre 39), which
are manifest in the prefaces as maps, diagrams
and images. These systems include rules for interaction
with the digital works. In conjunction with the
representation of space, representational space in the prefaces “overlays
physical space, making symbolic use of its objects” and is composed of “more or
less coherent systems of non-verbal symbols and signs” (Lefebvre 39). The prefaces introduce the reader to representational space via
narrative elements such as characters and objects. By examining these features of representational
space, I establish how the prefaces introduce the reader to the digital texts,
and in particular interaction with them, but positioning her in relation to the
spaces of narrative. I argue the prefaces establish representational space
and the representation of space and in doing so establish rules related to the spatial for
interacting with the digital works. Interaction is represented in the prefaces on the condition of
compliance: firstly, with the rules of the representation of space; and
secondly, with the objects, characters and narrative references introduced
within representational space. By introducing spaces in the works thus, the
prefaces assert control over interaction with the digital works.
The
prefaces introduce the spatial as the means for achieving goals. In the preface
to Dreamaphage (See Figure 2.1) a
cure is said to reside in the dreams of the characters, where “all other
methods are errors. The words of these books, their dreams, contain the cure” (Dreamaphage). The prefaces guide the
reader towards the goal of the cure “hidden in the dreams themselves”. The
preface describes Dreamaphage as
containing hidden elements deep within its spatial structures, including
“dozens of hidden buttons and lost texts,” that are “leading to the books” (Dreamaphage Preface). These emphasized
points, buttons, objects, lost texts and the books, represent stages moving toward (“leading to”) goals. The prefaces to Egypt also suggest goals (e.g. the command; “You may not want to
read it now, but take it with you when you go!” Egypt), which focus on a presence for the reader in the spaces of
the text. In this context of goals,
space is more than just a structural component to the texts; it functions as a representative
meta-medium governing all interaction,
including reading and navigation. This structuring follows the meta-organizing
principles I have already described as grounded in Lefebvre’s tri-partite model
of production. In the digital works, the reader is given specific goals, such
as locating the name spell in Egypt
or the cure to the dreamaphage virus in Dreamaphage,
and solving the relationship problems in Façade of Grace and Trip, “an
attractive and materially successful couple in their early thirties” (Façade website). I argue that these instructions
are attempts to prescribe interaction with the spaces of the works.
I
begin by describing the prefaces as examples of remediation how the referencing
of older media sets the initial boundaries for interaction. I argue this
remediation is a controlling element in the prefaces and is part of their
paratextual function. I then explain how the prefaces prepare the reader for
the spatial components of the works. I go on to clarify how the prefaces reference
the space of the texts, and as a result position
the reader in relation to interaction. The prefaces to Façade are the
website; http://www.interactivestory.net/ (ii) a Frequently Asked
Questions (FAQ); and (iii) “Behind the Façade” (a PDF document published
separately from the other two components).[1] Egypt’s
prefaces are; (i) the introduction (with dedication, Figure 2.2 below); (ii)
the Glossary and Rubric; (iii) the maps (Figure 2.4); and (iv) the “Papyrus
Sections” (Figure 2.4). The Dreamaphage
prefaces are; i) the introduction from the published work by the Electronic
Literature Organization; (ii) a further two-stage introduction; and (iii) a
brief Help guide.[2] The preface to Last Meal Requested is a description of narrative context but does
not prescribe reading. Last Meal Requested
is also archived at the Rhizome Artbase (http://rhizome.org/artbase/artwork/16975/), where it features a prefatory
artist statement introducing the main themes of the work.[3] I argue that the prefaces prescribe interaction in how space is first presented in maps
and diagrams according to representations of space and through representational space.
[1] “Behind the Façade” can be ordered as a PDF document from the authors.
It is sent via email once a five dollar charge is paid online.
[2] Both the prefaces to Dreamaphage are accessible from http://collection.eliterature.org/1/works/nelson__dreamaphage.html
[3]
The present study works with the copy kept at www.e-garde.net.
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